Lipopolysacharides, FITC conjugate

Lipopolysaccharide, Fluorescein Labeled

Description:

Nanocs offers several fluorescent conjugates of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli and Salmonella minnesota. LPS, also called endotoxins, are complex macromolecules present on the outer cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Our fluoresent Lipopolysaccharide conjugates allow researchers to follow binding, transport and cell internalization processes of LPS. We provides a variety of fluorescently labeled and other functional LPS conjugates, including Fluorescein (FITC or FAM) LPS, Rhodamine LPS (Rhodamine B, Tetetramethyl rhodamine, TMR, TAMRA, etc), Cy3 labeld LPS, Cy5 labeled LPS, Biotin labeled LPS and many other multifunctional LPS products. Fluorescein LPS is a green fluorescein LPS conjugate which give strong fluorescent signal at 515 nm upon excitated around 490 nm. If you have needs for any special LPS products not listed here, please call us and let we make for you!

Specifications:

• 1~5 fluorescein molecules on each LPS molecule.
• Lipopolysaccharide conjugates provided either in water solution and dried powder;
• Excitation/Emission wavelength: 490 nm/515 nm.

Storage Conditions:

• Store at 4 ⁰C. Protect from light.

Lipopolysacharides, Rhodamine labeled

Lipopolysaccharide, Rhodamine B Conjugate

Description:

Rhodamine B labeled lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of red fluorescent LPS conjugates from Nanocs. Nanocs offers several fluorescent conjugates of lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli and Salmonella minnesota. LPS, also called endotoxins, are complex macromolecules present on the outer cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Our fluoresent LPS allow researchers to follow binding, transport and cell internalization processes of LPS. We provides a variety of fluorescently labeled and other functional LPS conjugates, which include Fluorescein (FITC, FAM) LPS, Rhodamine (TRITC, TMR, TAMRA) LPS, Cy3 LPS, Cy5 LPS, Biotin LPS and many other multifunctional LPS products. If you have needs for any special LPS products not listed here, please call us and let we make for you!

Specifications:

• 1~5 Rhodamine B dyes on each LPS molecule.
• Lipopolysaccharide Rhodamine B conjugates provided either in water solution and dried powder;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at 4 ⁰C. Protect from light.

Methoxy PEG glutaric acid NHS

Description:

N-hydroxylsuccinimide (NHS) functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG-NHS) is an amino (-NH₂) reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with their available amino groups. NHS esters react with primary amine groups at pH 7~8.5 to form stable amide bonds.Compared to other PEG NHS ester derivatives, our succinimidyl carbonate (SC) functionalized mPEG-NHS offers superior reactivity and higher stability in aqueous solution. NHS esters react with deprotonated primary amines, therefore, the reaction requires neutral to basic pH values to proceed. Primary amines react with NHS esters by nucleophilic attack and NHS is released as a byproduct. Hydrolysis of the NHS-ester competes with the reaction in aqueous solution and increases with increasing pH.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, desiccate. NHS PEG tends to hydrolyze from moisture. Avoid frequent thaw and frozen.

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10 to 50-fold molar excess of NHS PEG over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Conjugation buffer: Sodium bicarbonate 100 mM buffer, pH 8.5 or other amine-free buffer at pH 7-8.5.
• PEG NHS stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in conjugation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add NHS PEG stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. 10~50 molar excess of PEG NHS needed for optimal conjugation; Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 30~60 min at room temperature or 2 hours at 4 ⁰C. Conjugates can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

PEG Aldehyde, mPEG-CH2CHO

PEG Aldehyde Description:

Aldeyde PEG is an amine reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify biomolecules via available amine groups. The reaction between aldehyde group with ε-amine of lysine residues and the α-amine at the N-terminus produces an intermediate Schiff base. Further reduction with hydride will form a stable C-N bond. PEG aldehydes react with amine groups at a pH of from 5.5 to 9.5. Higher pH will result in multiple Pegylation with both terminal and lysine groups. Aldehyde PEG is a commonly used PEG reagent for n-terminus pegylation in proteins or peptides.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 50-fold molar excess of PEG aldehyde over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer: Amine-free aqueous buffer, pH 6~8.5.
• PEG aldehyde stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in pegylation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add PEG aldehyde stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hrs at room temperature or overnight 4 ⁰C. After reaction, C=N bond can be reduced by sodium borohydride. Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

PEG Aldehyde, mPEG-CH2CHO

PEG Aldehyde Description:

Aldeyde PEG is an amine reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify biomolecules via available amine groups. The reaction between aldehyde group with ε-amine of lysine residues and the α-amine at the N-terminus produces an intermediate Schiff base. Further reduction with hydride will form a stable C-N bond. PEG aldehydes react with amine groups at a pH of from 5.5 to 9.5. Higher pH will result in multiple Pegylation with both terminal and lysine groups. Aldehyde PEG is a commonly used PEG reagent for n-terminus pegylation in proteins or peptides.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 50-fold molar excess of PEG aldehyde over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer: Amine-free aqueous buffer, pH 6~8.5.
• PEG aldehyde stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in pegylation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add PEG aldehyde stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hrs at room temperature or overnight 4 ⁰C. After reaction, C=N bond can be reduced by sodium borohydride. Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

Aldehyde PEG Aldehyde,CHO-PEG-CHO

PEG Aldehyde Description:

Aldeyde PEG is an amine reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify biomolecules via available amine groups. The reaction between aldehyde group with ε-amine of lysine residues and the α-amine at the N-terminus produces an intermediate Schiff base. Further reduction with hydride will form a stable C-N bond. PEG aldehydes react with amine groups at a pH of from 5.5 to 9.5. Higher pH will result in multiple Pegylation with both terminal and lysine groups. Aldehyde PEG is a commonly used PEG reagent for n-terminus pegylation in proteins or peptides.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 50-fold molar excess of PEG aldehyde over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer: Amine-free aqueous buffer, pH 6~8.5.
• PEG aldehyde stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in pegylation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add PEG aldehyde stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hrs at room temperature or overnight 4 ⁰C. After reaction, C=N bond can be reduced by sodium borohydride. Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

Aldehyde PEG Aldehyde,CHO-PEG-CHO

PEG Aldehyde Description:

Aldeyde PEG is an amine reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify biomolecules via available amine groups. The reaction between aldehyde group with ε-amine of lysine residues and the α-amine at the N-terminus produces an intermediate Schiff base. Further reduction with hydride will form a stable C-N bond. PEG aldehydes react with amine groups at a pH of from 5.5 to 9.5. Higher pH will result in multiple Pegylation with both terminal and lysine groups. Aldehyde PEG is a commonly used PEG reagent for n-terminus pegylation in proteins or peptides.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 50-fold molar excess of PEG aldehyde over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer: Amine-free aqueous buffer, pH 6~8.5.
• PEG aldehyde stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in pegylation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add PEG aldehyde stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hrs at room temperature or overnight 4 ⁰C. After reaction, C=N bond can be reduced by sodium borohydride. Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

Aldehyde PEG Aldehyde,CHO-PEG-CHO

PEG Aldehyde Description:

Aldeyde PEG is an amine reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify biomolecules via available amine groups. The reaction between aldehyde group with ε-amine of lysine residues and the α-amine at the N-terminus produces an intermediate Schiff base. Further reduction with hydride will form a stable C-N bond. PEG aldehydes react with amine groups at a pH of from 5.5 to 9.5. Higher pH will result in multiple Pegylation with both terminal and lysine groups. Aldehyde PEG is a commonly used PEG reagent for n-terminus pegylation in proteins or peptides.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 50-fold molar excess of PEG aldehyde over the amount of amine-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer: Amine-free aqueous buffer, pH 6~8.5.
• PEG aldehyde stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in pegylation buffer. Estimate the concentration of primary amine groups on the targeted materials. Add PEG aldehyde stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hrs at room temperature or overnight 4 ⁰C. After reaction, C=N bond can be reduced by sodium borohydride. Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

Nitrophenyl carbonate PEG, NPC-PEG-NPC

Description:

Nitrophenyl functional PEG, NPC PEG is an amino (-NH₂) reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with available amino groups either on their lysine residue or N-terminus. NPC PEGs react readily with amine groups at a pH of from 6.5 to 9.5.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C. Dessicated.

Epoxide PEG, mPEG-EPO

Description:

Epoxyl functionctional PEG, EPO PEG is an amino (-NH₂) and hydroxyl group reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with available amino or hydroxyl groups. Epoxyl PEGs react readily with amine groups at a pH of from 8.0 to 9.5.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C. Dessicated.

Isocyanate PEG, mPEG-ISC

Description:

Isocyanate functionctional PEG, ISC PEG is an amino (-NH₂) and hydroxyl group reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with available amino or hydroxyl groups. ISC PEGs react readily with amine groups at a pH of from 7.0 to 9.5.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C. Dessicated.

Tosyl PEG, mPEG-Tosylate

Description:

Tosyl functionctional PEG is an amino (-NH₂) group reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with available amino groups. Tosyl PEGs react readily with amine groups at a pH of from 8.0 to 9.5.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C. Dessicated.

Pentafluorophenyl PEG, mPEG-PFP

Description:

Nanocs PFP (pentafluorophenyl) functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG-PFP) is an amine (-NH₂) reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify molecules with available amine groups. Compared to NHS PEG, PFP PEG has greater reactivity, it can react with both prirmary and secondary amine groups at pH 7~9. Nanocs provides a number of PFP functionalized PEG derivatives that can be used for controlled amine pegylation applications.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Solubility: 10 mg/mL, clear in water, chloroform, DMSO.
• Purity: >95%

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, desiccate. PFP PEG tends to hydrolyze from moisture. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Methoxy PEG dithiol NHS

Description:

Nanocs dithio NHS functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG-S-S-NHS) is a reducing reagent cleavable and amine (-NH₂) reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other material surfaces with their available amino groups. Dithiol-NHS esters react with primary amine groups at pH 7~8.5 to form stable amide bonds, meanwhile, disulfide bond can be cleaved by DTT, TCEP and other disulfide bond reducing reagents.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Solubility: 10 mg/mL, clear in water, chloroform, DMSO.
• Purity: >95%

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, desiccate. NHS PEG tends to hydrolyze from moisture. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Methoxy PEG dithiol NHS

Description:

Nanocs dithio NHS functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG-S-S-NHS) is a reducing reagent cleavable and amine (-NH₂) reactive PEG derivative that can be used to modify protein, peptide or any other material surfaces with their available amino groups. Dithiol-NHS esters react with primary amine groups at pH 7~8.5 to form stable amide bonds, meanwhile, disulfide bond can be cleaved by DTT, TCEP and other disulfide bond reducing reagents.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Solubility: 10 mg/mL, clear in water, chloroform, DMSO.
• Purity: >95%

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, desiccate. NHS PEG tends to hydrolyze from moisture. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Maleimide PEG, mPEG-MAL

Description:

Maleimide functionalized polyethylene glycol, Maleimide PEG is a sulfhydryl (thiol/SH) group reactive PEG derivative that can be used to selectively modify protein, peptide or any other surfaces with availablesulfhydryl groups. The reaction between maleimide and thiol proceeds readily at pH 6.5~7.5 to form stable thioether bonds.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, dessiccated. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Reaction Procedures:

Generally, a 10- to 20-fold molar excess of Maleimide PEG over the amount of thiol-containing material results in sufficient conjugation.

Materials Required:

• Pegylation buffer, PBS buffer, pH 7 or other thiol-free buffer at pH 7.
• Maleimide stock solution: 100 mg in 1 mL conjugation buffer.
• Washing solution: Distilled water or any aqueous buffer.

Reaction Steps:

Dissolve targeted materials in conjugation buffer. Estimate the concentration thiol groups on the targeted materials. Add maleimide PEG stock solution to the targeted conjugation materials with the final concentration keep at least 10 mg/mL. 10~50 molar excess of PEG maleimide needed for optimal conjugation; Allow mixture agitates at room temperature for 2~4 hours at room temperature or overnight at 4 ⁰C.Conjugate can be purified either by size exclusion chromatography or dialysis.

Maleimide PEG NHS, MAL-PEG-NHS

Description:

Maleimide PEG NHS is a heterobifunctional PEG derivative that can react with both thiol and amine groups. NHS esters react with deprotonated primary amines, therefore, the reaction requires neutral to basic pH values to proceed. The maleimide group reacts with available –SH groups from naturally occurring or mutagenically derived cysteine residues. Maleimide groups react with sulfhydryl groups at pH 6.5~7.5 at room temperature to form stable thioether bonds.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, dessiccated. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Maleimide PEG Amine, MAL-PEG-NH2

Description:

Maleimide PEG amine (Maleimide-PEG-NH2) is a thiol reactive heterobifunctional PEG derivative. Maleimide groups react with sulfhydryl groups at pH 6.5~7.5 at room temperature to form stable thioether bonds, while primary amine groups on the other end can react with NHS, -COOH and other amine reactive molecues.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, dessiccated. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Maleimide PEG Amine, MAL-PEG-NH2

Description:

Maleimide PEG amine (Maleimide-PEG-NH2) is a thiol reactive heterobifunctional PEG derivative. Maleimide groups react with sulfhydryl groups at pH 6.5~7.5 at room temperature to form stable thioether bonds, while primary amine groups on the other end can react with NHS, -COOH and other amine reactive molecues.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, dessiccated. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.

Maleimide PEG Acid, MAL-PEG-COOH

Description:

Maleimide PEG acid (Maleimide-PEG-COOH) is a thiol reactive heterobifunctional PEG derivative. Maleimide groups react with sulfhydryl groups at pH 6.5~7.5 at room temperature to form stable thioether bonds, while carboxylic acid groups on the other end can react with amine and acid amine reactive molecues.

Physical Properties:

• Off-white/white solid or viscous liquid depends on molecule weight;
• Soluble in regular aqeous solution as well as most organic solvents;

Storage Conditions:

• Store at -20 ⁰C, dessiccated. Avoid frequent thaw and freeze.